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Migration, increase european funding, but there is a need for more transparency and harmony on the objectives

the ROME held in Rome the seminar organized by Concord Italy“, in cooperation with The european development and migration: along the routes of funding, to und

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Migration, increase european funding, but there is a need for more transparency and harmony on the objectives
the ROME held in Rome the seminar organized by Concord Italy“, in cooperation with The european development and migration: along the routes of funding, to understand how they were spent of our money”. The title leaves no doubt on the subject: that of the traceability of the funding is a hot topic, in particular in view of the next Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) for the european 2021-2027, is currently under discussion. In the draft are envisaged significant increases and readjustments of funds for the migration. The meeting, romano has been an opportunity for dialogue on the common european policy on migration, and on how to make it more effective.

More transparency and organization, the example of Nigeria . The meeting takes its cue from the inquiry of The Correspondent, edited among others by the Italian journalist Giacomo what really matters are, among other things, a collaborator of the World Solidarity and the new Republic.en. The case study carried out on Nigeria indicates some systematic problems. For example, it lacks a complete database on the disbursements, which often relate to regional aid schemes and not to a single Country. And hand in hand, confusion on the objectives to be pursued. “We have been struck by the lack of an overall vision on the part of the EU”, says what really matters are the. “Even at the level of monitoring, transparency and democratic control appear to be lacking. Some mps say they have obtained information through our work, that would not have been able to get it if not in a very long time”.

We talk about important numbers . Only in Nigeria, the EU directly funds NGOS, international organizations and multilateral such as the IOM, and UNHCR to 1.5 billion euro, while funding general Cooperation rose to 5 billion. The sparseness of the data makes it very difficult to a reflection on the objectives and impacts of the policies that are implemented, a point agreed upon by the representatives of the NGOS present.

More funds for the migration, but with what criteria?. The european budget 2021-2027: reflecting on the draft of the next MFF, we note an increase from 13 to 35 billion for the fund for migration, asylum and borders, while there is a new maxi-fund for the development of 90 billion, the NDICI (Neighbourhood, Development and International Cooperation Instrument, that is, the "tool neighborhood" to eliminate poverty and promote sustainable development) that provides at least 10% of expenditure to manage the flows. But what does it mean? The analysis of Actionaid Italy, presented by Roberto Sensi, reveals how the new maxi-fund neighbourhood policy, development Cooperation and international Cooperation (NDICI, in fact) would be articulated on three pillars: geographic programmes (68 billion euros), thematic programmes (7 billion euro), shares of quick-response (4 billion euros) and a reserve for the challenges and the emerging priorities (10.2 billion euros).

The 10% dedicated to the contrasting of the causes of migration. 92% of these resources provided by the regulation meets the criteria for official development assistance, as defined under the OECD-DAC, The development assistance committee of the Organisation for economic co-operation and development. The parliamentary discussion at the time, and this is 10% of the funds NDICI dedicated to the contrast of the “root causes of irregular migration”. First of all, it is not established if the percentage is minimum or maximum (Italy has even required a minimum threshold of 30%). If these funds were released from policy OECD-DAC, could be dedicated to reduce “migratory pressure”, and then also to the forced repatriation and border controls, in an optical security. The request is also that this 10% is a minimum threshold and that are entirely “daccabile”, that is, based on the criteria humanitarian.

go beyond the rhetoric of “root causes”. , But also the logic of emergency. Yes, therefore, the ways to access legal. The reference to the root causes underlies the rhetoric of “more development, less migration”, as noted by Sara Prestianni of the ARCI. In this perspective, the effort focuses on development aid targeted at the very short term, with an approach-emergency. This vision dates back to the year 2015 and the creation of the trust Fund, the european emergency for Africa, which is not subject to the control of the European Parliament. The logic of emergency which was stimulated by the peak of landings of 2015 has profoundly marked the development of migration policies of the Union in the following years. Today, the numbers do not speak to us of the emergency but they remain references to the “root causes” without a collaborative analysis and reasoned on the issue of migration – and remains-the opacity in the management of the trust fund. Think of the case of Libya.

Those 91 million to Libya for "managing borders". Sara Prestianni note that “91 million euros in the fund have been allocated to border management in Libya. The result has been to fend off 40,000 people in a hell from which they tried to escape, as demonstrated by several investigations by journalists”, with the partnership of actors that are unreliable or openly criminal. Money, therefore, the lack of democratic control. “Missing a real analysis of the impact of the use of these funds,” continues the Prestianni. And note the absence of programs devoted to the opening of legal proceedings: “No one would risk the life on a boat if there were alternative ways”.

What are the bodies that manage the funds for the migration . Member states manage the european funding through the Agencies for Cooperation. In Italy, the EU finances the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS), the Bottom of Africa, across three different ministries that receive and manage funds intended for the migration. This means that for the EU to interface with different bodies that pursue policies and action are often not harmonised. With regards to transparency, the Italian Public Administration is a “house of glass”. The problem often lies in the communication inter-ministerial, as also emerged during the seminar. A debate like the one organized by Concord can be useful for caprie how to improve communication between agencies.

challenges . Migration, climatic conditions, and the treaty of Dublin, routes of legal access. It is appropriate to discuss shared strategies on issues that affect migration: climate change, the update of the treaty of Dublin, a greater inclusion of the beneficiary Countries in the development of policies. Still: it is crucial to increase the possibility of legal access to the european Countries. And demand transparency and rationality from the european counterpart for a proper monitoring of the resources. As a note, in conclusion, Andrea Stocchiero for focsiv (an Italian and Concord Italy, the european budget will have to find a balance consistent between migration policies and development Cooperation: “it is Necessary to understand that migration, if well governed, can be a stimulus to sustainable development”.

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